Esophageal Angiolipoma:Report of One Case and Literature Review / 中国医学科学院学报

Esophageal angiolipoma is a rare disease with unspecific clinical manifestations.This paper reported a case of esophageal angiolipoma confirmed by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and summarized the clinical manifestations,endoscopic and pathological features,treatment and prognosis of the patients by reviewing the relevant literature,aiming to provide references for clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disease in the future.

Effect of Palmatine Binding to MYC G-quadruplex on Proliferation and Apoptosis of Colon Cancer Cells and Molecular Mechanism / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore whether palmatine interferes with the proliferation and apoptosis of colon cancer HCT116 cells by binding to G-quadruplex in the promoter region of MYC proto-oncogene and its possible molecular mechanism. Method:Fluorescence spectrum was used to analyze the binding ability of palmatine to MYC G-quadruplex. Circular dichroism analysis was conducted to confirm the effect of palmatine on the configuration of MYC G-quadruplex， followed by the prediction of their binding mode based on molecular docking and the localization analysis of palmatine in HCT116 cells under a fluorescence microscope. The effects of palmatine on MYC gene transcription and MYC protein expression were determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot， respectively. The effects of palmatine on the viability and apoptosis of HCT116 cells were further assayed by thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide （MTT） assay and flow cytometry. Result:As revealed by fluorescence spectrum and molecular docking analysis， palmatine might bind to G-quadruplex of MYC gene through stacking. Circular dichroism analysis showed that palmatine could maintain the parallel configuration of MYC<italic> </italic>G-quadruplex. It was discovered in fluorescence imaging that palmatine was distributed in the nucleus and bond to G-quadruplex of MYC gene. In addition， palmatine inhibited MYC gene transcription， MYC protein expression， as well as the viability of HCT116 cells， and promoted the apoptosis of HCT116 cells. Conclusion:Palmatine is able to bind to MYC G-quadruplex to further inhibit the expression of MYC gene and protein expression， which may be one of the molecular mechanisms of palmatine in suppressing the proliferation of colon cancer HCT116 cells and facilitating their apoptosis.

Role of methylation in regulating PhoP activity in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective :To investigate the correlation between methylation and the activity of transcriptional regulator PhoP in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium), and screen for the methyltransferase of PhoP. Methods :The methylation level of PhoP in S. Typhimurium under different culture conditions was determined by Western blotting. The transcription levels of phoP and the genes regulated by phoP were examined to screen for the methyltransferase of PhoP after overexpressing methyltransferase candidates predicted by bioinformatics. And then methyltransferase assay was verified in vitro. The transcription levels of phoP and its methyltransferase were determined by real-time PCR in high concentration of Mg2+ or weak acid conditions. Results :As the concentration of Mg2+increased in the medium, the methylation level of PhoP increased, and its methylation level decreased after S. Typhimurium was stimulated by weak acid. In the screening of 9 methyltransferases predicted by bioinformatics, overexpression of STM14_0023 reduced the transcription level of phoP and its downstream genes and the protein level of PhoP in vivo, but knockout of STM14_0023 had no effect on the expression of phoP and its downstream genes. STM14_0023 was capable of methylating PhoP in vitro and could also increase the methylation level of PhoP after overexpression of STM14_0023 in vivo. Under the condition of high concentration of Mg2+ when the expression of phoP was inhibited, the transcriptional level of STM14_0023 was reduced. Conclusion :STM14_0023 is the methyltransferase of PhoP, and methylation inhibits PhoP activity.

Case Control Study of Impulsivity, Aggression, Pesticide Exposure and Suicide Attempts Using Pesticides among Farmers / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

A case-control study was conducted to investigate associations between organophosphate pesticide (OP) exposure, aggression, impulsivity, and attempted suicide. Questionnaires were used to collect information; impulsivity and aggression were measured by the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS) and the Aggression Inventory (AI). A greater number of OP symptoms was associated with an increased odds of a suicide attempt after adjusting for marital status and income (OR = 1.45; CI 1.14-1.86). Attempted suicide was significantly associated with high impulsivity scores (means: 72.4 vs. 60.6, P < 0.0001) and high aggression scores (means: 38.5 vs. 26.1, P < 0.0001). Suicide attempters had a higher number of OP exposure symptoms than controls and scored higher on scales of impulsivity and aggression.

The study of diffusion tensor imaging of trigeminal neuralgia with vascular compression / 天津医药

Objective To study the findings and clinical application of the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of the trigeminal nerve root in patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Methods Forty-nine patients with unilateral TN caused by vascular compression and surgically confirmed were collected in this study. The subjects were divided into group A (contact, n=22), group B (displacement, n=11) and group C (atrophy, n=16), according to the relationship between blood vessels and nerves. Conventional MRI and horizontal DTI were performed to measure cross-sectional area (CSA), mean diffusivity (MD) value, fractional anisotropy (FA) value, axial diffusivity (AD) value and radial diffusivity (RD) value in nerve roots of affected side and unaffected side. The trigeminal indexes of both affected and unaffected trigeminal nerves and data of the affected trigeminal indexes of TN patients were compared between the groups. Results The CSA and FA values were significantly lower, MD and RD values of trigeminal nerves were significantly higher in affected side than those of unaffected side ( P<0.05). But there was no significant difference in AD value between affected side and unaffected side of TN patients ( P>0.05). Values of CSA and FA were significantly higher in group A than those of group C. The value of RD was significantly lower in group A than that of group C. FA value was significantly higher in group B than that of group C (P<0.05). Conclusion The magnetic resonance DTI sequence can reflect changes in trigeminal nerve microstructure, suggesting that trigeminal demyelination is caused by vascular compression, and altered diffusion indexes of trigeminal nerve are reliable basis for the pathogenesis and the severity evaluation of TN.

Erectile dysfunction in men with lower urinary tract symptoms / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the incidence of erectile dysfunction (ED) in men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and the correlation between LUTS and ED.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We enrolled 1 000 men aged 40 - 80 years with regular sex partners, evaluated their erectile function using IIEF-5, and investigated LUTS among them by International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). We studied the relationship between ED and LUTS by univariate conditional Logistic regression analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>LUTS were found in 42.81% of the men investigated (426/995), and ED in 76.18% of the subjects (758/995) and 82.16% of those with LUTS (350/426). Logistic regression analysis revealed a significant relation of ED with aging and LUTS (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The The incidence of ED is high in men with LUTS and increases with aging and the severity of LUTS.</p>

Healing of stoma after magnetic biliary-enteric anastomosis in canine peritonitis models / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assese the healing of stoma after magnetic anastomosis for the reconstruction of biliary-enteric continuity under severe inflammation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Acute bile duct injury was constructed as a bile peritonitis model in mongrel dogs (n=32). Magnetic anastomosis (group A, n=16) and traditional suture anastomosis (group B, n=16) were performed to reconstruct the biliary-enteric continuity in one stage. Half of the dogs in each group were euthanized on the 30th postoperative day, and the other half on the 90th postoperative day to harvest the stoma region. The healing conditions of the stoma after the 2 anastomotic approaches were observed with naked eyes, under light microscope and scanning electron microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The stoma leakage rate (50% versus 0% on the 30th postoperative day, 37.5% versus 12.5% on the 90th postoperative day, both P<0.05) and stenosis degree (13.9%±0.3% versus 7.1%±0.3% on the 30th postoperative day, 17.2%±0.4% versus 9.4%±0.4% on the 90th postoperative day, both P<0.01) were significantly higher in group B than in group A. Compared with traditional manual anastomoses, the histological analysis under light and electron microscope showed a more continuous stoma with more regular epithelium proliferation and collagen arrangement, less inflammation in group A.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Magnetic anastomosis stent ensures better healing of the stoma even under the circumstance of severe inflammation.</p>

Late-onset hypogonadism among old and middle-aged males in a rural community of Zhejiang Province / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the epidemiology of late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) in old and middle-aged males in the rural area of Southern China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using the age-stratified sampling method, we conducted a questionnaire investigation on androgen deficiency in aging males (ADAM), aging male symptoms (AMS) and IIEF-5 among 996 males aged 40 -80 years in a rural community of Jiashan county, Zhejiang Province from April to October 2012. We also determined the concentrations of serum total testosterone (TT), serum sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and serum albumin (ALB), detected the levels of free testosterone (cFT) and bio-available testosterone (Bio-T) by Vermeulen formula, and measured the volumes of the prostate and testis by ultrasonography.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean age of the males was 56.22 +/- 8.82 years. The positive rates of LOH were 62.86% and 23.05% based on ADAM and AMS, respectively, and the incidence of erectile dysfunction (ED) was 68.83%. There were significant differences among different age groups in the levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), SHBG, cFT and Bio-T, but not in TT concentration.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ours was the first survey on the epidemiology of LOH among old and middle-aged males in the rural area of China. The incidence of LOH in the rural community of Zhejiang Province was lower than that in the urban areas reported in other studies, but the positive rate of ED showed no significant difference.</p>

Clinical study of immediate post-extraction implant and immediate function in edentulous patients / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the outcomes of immediate post-extraction implant and immediate function according to All-on-4 immediate concept in edentulous patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The study included 46 patients with hopeless teeth. A total of 254 implants were immediately inserted after extraction and 56 fixed complete-arch all-acrylic prostheses finished and functioned on the day of extraction from June 2008 to March 2012 in Peking University School of Stomatology. At time of abutments connection, a panoramic radiograph was taken, and radiographic assessment of the marginal bone level was performed in every 6 months. Marginal bone level, integrity of the restoration, survival of the implants and degree of satisfaction of the patients were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 254 implants were immediate loading. Thirteen implants were lost 6 - 8 weeks after immediate loading and the survival rate of 94.9% (241/254). The marginal bone absorption was (0.7 ± 0.3) mm on average. All patients were satisfied with the clinical results.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Immediate post-extraction implant and immediate function technique can be a predictable technique. Further study is needed to determine the long-term results of the technology.</p>

Normal occlusion study: using T-Scan III occlusal analysis system / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the normal occlusal force distribution and the characteristics of the occlusion time at different occlusion position using T-Scan III occlusal analysis system.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty-three volunteers with normal occlusion, including 29 males and 24 females, were included in this study. The average age was (25.9 ± 2.1) years old. T-Scan III occlusal analysis system was used to measure the occlusal force distribution and the time character of normal occlusion at intercuspal position, protrusive position, and lateral excursive position.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At intercuspal position the left and right side molar teeth took the most part of force percentage, followed by (13.3 ± 4.3)%, (13.6 ± 5.4)%, (15.7 ± 7.1)%, (18.7 ± 7.5)% (6, 6, 7, 7); and 7654, 4567 took (61.3 ± 12.4)% force percentage; and the left and right sides took the respective percentages of (46.4 ± 7.0)%, (53.6 ± 7.0)%, the left side was significantly less than the right side(P < 0.05). At the protrusion position the region ( 21, 12) commitment to take the percentage of (85.1 ± 25.5)%. At left and right lateral position, 28% (13/46) and 30%(14/46) were cuspid-protected occlusion, and 33%(15/46) and 44%(20/46) were group functional occlusion, and 39%(18/46) and 26%(12/46) were multiple-protected occlusion. The average occlusion time was (0.34 ± 0.11) s, and disclusion time was (1.00 ± 0.39) s.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>At intercuspal position the region from first premolar to second molar teeth were the occlusal force centers, and the second molar is the most;.the force concentrated in the area ( 21, 12) at the protrusion position. The lateral occlusal pattern is multiformity.</p>

Sutureless intestinal anastomosis with a novel device of magnetic compression anastomosis / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the feasibility and efficiency of a novel magnetic compression anastomats (MCAs) in intestinal anastomosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 36 male mongrel canines underwent intestinal anastomosis using traditional hand-sewn (n=18) or a novel MCAs (n= 18). We compared the anastomosis time, postoperative complications, bursting strength of anastomoses, gross appearance, and pathology between two groups at each timepoint of follow-up.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean anastomosis time with MCAs was significantly less than that with hand-sewn (8.50 +/- 1.95 vs. 31.1 +/- 4.32 minutes, P<0.001). The blood stools and intussusceptions occurred in both groups during follow-up period. Only 1 mongrel canine receiving intestinal anastomosis by MCAs experienced anastomotic leakage. The average bursting pressure of anastomoses obtained from mongrel canines undergoing intestinal anastomosis by MCAs was significantly higher than that by traditional hand-sewn at 1 week's follow-up time (P<0.05). Gross appearance of the anastomoses constructed by MCAs was relatively smoother and flatter. Pathological evalution of anastomoses revealed that general inflammation was greater in hand-sewn anastomoses than magnetic anastomosis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The magnetic compression anastomat is a safe and effective device of sutureless intestinal anastomosis in canine models.</p>

Clinical study of prosthetic gingival reconstruction in vertical bone defect patients / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the preliminary clinical results of prosthetic gingival reconstruction in vertical bone defect patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The study included 31 partial or edentulous patients (male 22, female 9) with 152 implants supporting fixed prostheses from February 2002 to January 2011 in Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology. The implant-supported fixed prostheses with artificial gingival material to compensate for vertical defect were delivery after implant healing period. At time of prostheses delivery, a panoramic radiograph was taken. The results were evaluated according to California Dental Association by two prosthodontists. Clinical observation included survival of the implants, integrity of the restoration, complication of prosthesis and degree of satisfaction of the patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 152 implants supported fixed prostheses with artificial gingival materials to compensate vertical bone defect were delivered. No implants lost, and the survival rate was 100% during the follow-up period. The sore of acceptance of prosthesis was 96.8%. All patients were satisfied with the clinical results.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The artificial gingival reconstruction technique is feasible for vertical bone defect patients.</p>

Development and evaluation of standardized Mandarin monosyllable audiometric materials / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a set of Mandarin monosyllabic list for the goal to use as a standardized speech recognition assessment tool in China with sufficient validity, reliability and sensitivity.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty lists were designed based on the following criteria: efficiency, phonemic-balance, familiarity and coverage, while each list was designed corresponding to 25 monosyllables. These lists were read by a male broadcaster, recorded digitally and composed into compact disc. Our work consisted of three phases. Phase I: Sixty adults with normal hearing were recruited from Beijing to repeat as many syllables which they heard as possible. According to the randomized block design, 30 lists were presented with 6 intensities including -1 dB, 5 dB, 11 dB, 15 dB, 21 dB and 27 dB HL(speech). The lists and intensities were counterbalanced across all participants. Recognition scores in individual intensities for each list were calculated, and then logistic regression was utilized to fit Performance-Intensity (P-I) function. Two-way (list No. and Intensity) repeated measurement analysis of variance and Post-Hoc Tukey HSD test indicated that 22 lists were equivalent. Phase II: Twenty-two oral/aural normal adults were recruited to assess monosyllable recognition scores with the 22 equivalent lists at 10 dB HL(Speech), according to the Latin-Square design. Tests were administered twice for all participants with the same procedure and situation during 6 to 35 day intervals. The differences in scores (after a "rationalized" arcsine transformation) among 22 lists across over the two sessions is 9.3%, the data were collected from 22 participants, the measurement error was calculated by SD (standard deviation), the critical difference (CD) for test score improvement was 18.3% (determined as SD x 1.96, in 95% confidence level). Phase III: Eighteen participants with sensorineural hearing loss were recruited to assess recognition perception using 18 equivalent monosyllable lists at 30 dB suprathreshold based on Latin-Square design. Tests were administered twice by using the same procedure and situation within 1 to 16 day intervals. The same approach in Phase II was utilized to calculate SD (8.3%). The CD was calculated as 16.3% (in 95% confidence level).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A set of standardized Mandarin recognition assessment material had been developed and it consisted of 22 equivalent phonemic-balanced lists with 25 monosyllables each. Approximately, every single list took 2 minutes, and thus it might be appropriate for clinical assessment. The P-I functions reveal that the recognition threshold was (8.30 +/- 0.84) dB HL(speech) and the slope of PI functions was (4.0 +/- 0.3)%/dB for adults with normal hearing. When a set of Mandarin monosyllable lists was utilized as an assessment tool, the critical difference of 18.3% (for normal-hearing adults) and 16.3% (for hearing-impaired adults) would be a key for clinicians to assess the improvement of speech recognition ability appropriately with statistically significance.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In this study, a new Mandarin monosyllabic lists has been successfully developed with a sufficient validity, reliability and sensitivity for clinical evaluations, thus it might be convenience and helpful to be used as a standardized speech recognition assessment tool in China.</p>

Judgement of disproportionate loss between Mandarin monosyllable discrimination and pure tone hearing thresholds / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish the criteria of the disproportionate loss of Mandarin monosyllable discriminative abilities to pure tone hearing thresholds.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Total of 165 patients with varying degrees of sensorineural hearing loss were recruited for routine audiological evaluations. The speech discrimination scores were obtained by Mandarin phonemic-balanced monosyllable lists via self-made speech audiometric software. The Performance-Intensity (P-I) function for individual ear was obtained by the same list which was administrated in ascending intensities, with 25 monosyllables presenting randomly. The lowest intensity was determined by the lowest pure tone threshold among all audiometric frequencies minus 5 dB. The intensities were increased in 5 dB step until the score was 100% or the intensity was reached to the patient's uncomfortable level. The PB(max) was obtained from the P-I plot. Three parameters about pure tone average hearing thresholds, including PTA(1) (average of 0.5, 1 and 2 kHz), PTA(2) (average of 1, 2 and 4 kHz) and PTA(3) (average of 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 kHz), as well as three parameters about audiogram slope, including Slope(0.5) (4 kHz minus 0.5 kHz), Slope(1) (4 kHz minus 1 kHz) and Slope(2) (4 kHz minus 2 kHz), were calculated respectively. The correlations between PB(max) and above parameters were analyzed by SPSS10.0 statistical software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The audiogram slopes were not shown any correlation with PB(max), while the pure tone average thresholds, especially PTA(3) (r = -0.595, P = 0.000) were confirmed to correlate with PB(max). In the scatter plot based on PB(max) and PTA(3), a linear boundary was constructed encompassing approximately 99% of observed data collected from the sensorineural hearing-impaired.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Any PB(max) score falling below the boundary should be considered with high possibility and disproportionately poor comparison with pure tone hearing thresholds.</p>

Clinical study of "All-on-4" implant immediate function in edentulous patients / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the preliminary clinical results of application of All-on-4 immediate function in edentulous patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty nine edentulous patients with 140 immediately loaded implants supporting fixed complete-arch all-acrylic prostheses from April 2008 to October 2009 in Peking University School of Stomatology were included. The implant-supported fixed complete-arch all-acrylic prostheses were delivery on the operation day. At time of abutments connection, a panoramic radiograph was taken. And radiographic assessment of the marginal bone level was performed in every 2 months. Clinical observe items included marginal bone level, integrity of the restoration, survival of the implants and degree of satisfaction of the patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 140 implants were immediate loading. Eight implants were lost during 6 - 8 weeks after immediate loading, giving survival rate of 94.3%. The marginal bone level was (0.8 ± 0.4) mm. The All patients were satisfied with the clinical results.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The data and the experience described in this study indicate that All-on-four immediate function technique can be a predictable technique for edentulous patients. Further study is needed to determine the long-term result of the technology.</p>

A long-term retrospective clinical study of short dental implant restoration / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the long-term results of short implants and assess its clinical importance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 77 short implants were consecutively placed in 43 patients from August 1998 to August 2004. The clinical data was reviewed and the crown-implant ratio (C/I) was measured. Twenty-nine short implants in 15 patients were loaded for more than 5 years and the marginal bone height around implant measured. The implant success and survival ratio were evaluzted according to Zarb's successful criteria and Wheeler's survival criteria.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean follow-up time was 5.4 years (36 ∼ 99 months). Among these 77 short implants, 74 implants were fixed restoration, which mean C/I was (1.08 ± 0.21), 3 implants were removable restoration. Of 29 short implants which were loaded for more than 5 years, the mesial bone height at the times immediately after inserting implant, before second stage surgery, loading for less than 3 years and loading for more than 5 years was (0.59 ± 0.66), (0.64 ± 0.59), (-0.05 ± 1.11), (-0.37 ± 1.29) mm; and the distal bone height was (0.62 ± 0.77), (0.60 ± 0.86), (-0.26 ± 1.12), (-0.23 ± 1.59) mm. The 5 year's survival rate and success rate were 97% and 93% respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The success and survival rate of short dental implant under function were comparable to those reported for normal implants. By using the short implant, the patients can avoid the graft operation, alleviate sufferings, shorten the treatment period and reduce the cost. Therefore, it has a high value in clinical application.</p>

Neuroplasticity in patients with implant supported full dentures / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the potential mechanism of "osseoperception" which is the sensory and motor experience associated with dental implants.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty patients with implant supported full dentures or traditional full dentures were recruited in this study. Functional MRI (fMRI) scan covering the whole brain was carried out in these patients in clenching. The fMRI data were analyzed with SPM 99 software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In implant supported removable denture group, increased blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signals during clenching were found in prefrontal cortex, premotor cortex, superior parietal cortex, basal ganglion and thalamus. In implant supported fixed denture group, main activations were found in prefrontal cortex, primary sensory and motor cortex, Broca's area, premotor cortex, superior temporal cortex, insular, basal ganglion, thalamus and hippocampus. In traditional full denture group, significant activations were mainly found in prefrontal cortex, premotor cortex. Their activation maps showed the greatest individually dependent diversity.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Sensory and motor feedback of central nervous system in patients with implant support fixed dentures is close to that of natural dentition. Mastication with traditional full dentures is more likely a process of task learning, memory and adaptation, which might be a more individually dependent restoration.</p>

Contents of secondary metabolites and anti-bacterial activity of compound Caulis Sargentodoxae decoction / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the contents of secondary metabolites and the anti-bacterial activity of seven different compound Caulis Sargentodoxae decoctions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Kirby-Bauer disk agar diffusion method was used for measuring anti-bacterial activity. The contents of secondary metabolites were determined by spectrometry. The correlation and path analysis were used to identify the goal compound.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The secondary metabolites contents and anti-bacterial activity of seven different compound Caulis Sargentodoxae decoctions varied significantly. The total contents of six secondary metabolites of Shushao Caulis Sargentodoxae decoction was the highest, while that of Caihu Caulis Sargentodoxae decoction was the second highest and that of Yiyi Caulis Sargentodoxae decoction was the lowest. The anti-bacterial activity of Shushao Caulis Sargentodoxae decoction was the highest and that of Cangbai Caulis Sargentodoxae decoction was the lowest. The correlation and path analysis showed that the total tannin and total chlorogenic acid might be the major factors related to the anti-bacterial activity of compound Caulis Sargentodoxae decoctions.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The total contents of six secondary metabolites and the anti-bacterial activity of Shushao Caulis Sargentodoxae decoction are the highest among seven different decoctions and there is a significant correlation of the anti-bacterial activity with the contents of total tannin and total chlorogenic acid.</p>

Clinical study of application of platform switching to dental implant treatment in esthetic zone / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical results of dental implant treatment with platform switching technique in esthetic zone and to investigate its technical characteristics.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventeen patients who were partially edentulous in esthetic zone were included and received a total of 26 Frialit-2 system implants in Center of Dental Implantation, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from January to December 2001, and the platform switching technique was applied. The mean follow-up time was 56.3 months (24 to 74 months). Clinical examination and X-ray were conducted.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Clinical results of all implant restoration that used platform-switched abutments were satisfied. No implant loss or other severe complications occurred. The medians of marginal bone loss 1 year and 5 years after final restoration was 0.13 (-0.12 - 0.55) mm and 0.27 (-0.04 - 0.77) mm respectively. The medians of interimplant crestal bone resorption was 0.14 (0.00 - 0.30) mm and 0.21 (0.09 - 0.31) mm after 1 year and 5 years' functional loading respectively. According to Jemt classification of papilla, 23 sites reached II degree, and 10 sites reached III degree among 36 sites 5 years after prostheses. The mean value of pink esthetic score (PES) was 11.8 (10 - 14).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Platform switching is a simple and reliable technique for dental implant treatment, helping to control marginal bone loss and ensure an esthetic results in the esthetic zone.</p>

Clinical study of sinus elevation by water balloon and implant placement / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical results and technique of minimally invasive sinus membrane water balloon elevation followed by bone augmentation and implant placement simultaneously.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From May 2006 to November 2007, 31 patients (male: 16, female: 15; mean age: 41.2 +/- 11.8) were involved in the study. Clinical examination and radiographs were conducted.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean residual ridge height was (4.79 +/- 1.18) mm and the mean elevated height was (10.60 +/- 2.06) mm. A total of 31 implants were placed and restored with the mean follow-up period of (14.2 +/- 3.6) months. Only minor complications were observed postoperatively. One implant was lost due to infection two weeks after operation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The procedure of minimally invasive sinus membrane water balloon elevation achieves an excellent success rate, low complication, minimal discomfort, and the short-term result is predictable.</p>